Short note about Hell:

Short note about Hell: Hell is a boundary less place which is covered with fiery gulf. It is a dungeon and horrible place. There is no light, no peace, no food but darkness is available here. The relines are sorrow, doleful and shades. Happiness and rest can never be seen here without difficulty.

A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning by John Donne

As virtuous men pass mildly away,    And whisper to their souls to go, Whilst some of their sad friends do say,    "The breath goes now," and some say, "No," So let us melt, and make no noise,    No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move; 'Twere profanation of our joys    To tell the laity our love.

Seven Sleepers:

Seven noble sleepers of Ephesus hid themselves in a cave in order to escape from the persecution (punishment) of Christians. The entrance (doorway) of the cave was blocked up. The seven men slept there for nearby two hundred years and then they came out, still youths in the region of the younger Theodosius. The two lovers in “The Good Morrow” composed by John Donne slept for a long, long time and it was only when they woke up that they started making love to each other. 

Fable

Fable: Generally, a fable is a short and fairly simple story which is designed to teach a moral lesson. Most of the characters of the fable are often animals and they play an important role like the human beings. The fables of the Greek slave Aesop are the most familiar.

Explanation, She stopped, she looked at her....... she could not explain.from The Garden Party

Explanation 03: She stopped, she looked at her brother. ‘Isn’t life’, she stammered, ‘ isn't life’. But what life was she could not explain.

The quoted lines have been extracted from Katherine Mansfield’s familiar short story ‘The Garden Party’. In this line the writer has explained us how Laura felt when she visited the dead man’s bereaved (mourning) family after the party was over.  

 Laura persisted (continued) to stop the party when she learnt about the death of the young man in the neighborhood. Her sister and mother chided (rebuked) her for this matter, calling her absurd (silly) and sentimental,

Explanation, There lay a young man...... from them both. from The Garden Party

Explanation 02: There lay a young man, fast sleep- sleeping so soundly, so deeply, that he was far, far away from them both.

The quoted line has been extracted from Katherine Mansfield’s well-known short story ‘The Garden Party’. In this line the writer has explained about the reaction and inner feeling of Laura when she saw the dead body of the young man. 

As Laura was born and brought up in a wealthy and royal family so she did not know what poverty was and what want was. Before visiting the poor family she had never seen death in her life. It was in the first time of her life that she had encountered death.

Explanation, You’ll have to go, Laura; you’re the artistic one. from The Garden Party

Explanation: 01. You’ll have to go, Laura; you’re the artistic one.

The line has been mentioned from Katherine Mansfield’s famous short story, The Garden Party. This is a speech made by Mrs. Sheridan to her youngest daughter Laura. The line shows the activity of Laura.

After many difficulties the Sheridan family fixed a date for their garden party. The weather of the day was ideal and the sky was without a cloud. On the day when the workmen came to put up the marque, Laura went to her mother to know where the marquee would be put up but her mother wanted to be free from the party and stay like a guest.

Contribution and Place of I.A. Richards As A Psychological Critics

What is Psychological Criticism? Discuss about Contribution and place of I.A. Richards as a psychological critics. 

Generally, psychological school of criticism wants to make criticism more scientific by applying psychological knowledge to its problems. It is itself divided into two groups, one would 'explain' about the works of art, and other finds more attractive psychological investigation of the processes of appreciation. The psychological critic tries to search the hidden objects behind a work of art. The psychological criticism of literature began in 1900 with the publication of' Freud's Interpretation of Dreams.

Character of Joe Gargery in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations.

Discussion about the Character of Joe Gargery in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations.

1. A Good Natured Foolish Man:

2. His Deep Affection for Pip:

3. Kind and Sympathetic to All:

4. Well-built Person:

Character of Miss Havisham in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations.

Discussion about the Character of Miss Havisham in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations.

1. Frustrated Love and Disappointment:  

2. Pip’s First Contact with Miss Havisham:

3. The Unconcerned Miss Havisham:

4. A Pathetic Creature:

Character of Abel Magwitch in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations

Discussion about the Character of Abel Magwitch in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations.

a. Magwitch’s encounter with Pip in the beginning character: His Ugly Humor:  

b. His Decision to Make a ‘Gentleman’ of Pip:

c. A Mixed Character:

d. His Deep Affection for Pip:

Character of Estella in Dickens’ Great Expectations.

Discussion about  the Character of Estella in Dickens’ Great Expectations.

1. Young Conductress:

2. Taught to Charm and Reject:

3. Changing after the Influence of Estella:

4. Wishful Thinking:

5. Pip’s Artificial Mind:

F.R. Leavis’ achievement as a critic

Q. Commands on F.R. Leavis’ achievement as a critic.  

Ans: Dr. F. R. Levis is a Professor and an academic critic who is also regarded as one of outstanding figures of New Criticism in England. Sometimes his criticism is called 'Philosophical Criticism' as it is the reviver of the philosophical criticism whose great supporters were Sidney, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley and Arnold.

Great achievement of F.R. Leavis:

    a. Revolutionary Figure: Leavis is a revolutionary figure in the histories of 20^th century. He professionalized the study of literature and also, literary criticism. But for his systematically explaining critical principals his position as a critic is not certain.  Still now he is regarded as a charming and certain leader of the critical world of England.

Contribution of F.R. Levis in New Criticism.

       Dr. F. R. Levis is a Professor and an academic critic who is also regarded as one of outstanding figures of New Criticism in England. Sometimes his criticism is called 'Philosophical Criticism' as it is the revive of the philosophical criticism whose great supporters were Sidney, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley and Arnold. It protects poetry on the highest altar of Truth, and teaches to grow poetry as an abstract quality. But Literary Criticism to Leaves is not Philosophy.

The Shepherd by William Blake

          Text 
How sweet is the Shepherd's sweet lot,
From the morn to the evening he strays:
He shall follow his sheep all the day
And his tongue shall be filled with praise.